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A CAAT TIMELINE: 1981-2012

1981

  • CAAT established with $1 million grant from Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association (CTFA).
  • Geraldine R. Dodge Foundation supports publication of CAAT Newsletter.

1982

  • First CAAT Symposium: "Product Safety Evaluation: Development of New Methodological Approaches."
  • CAAT funds first 16 grants.

1983

  • Second CAAT Symposium: "Acute Toxicity Testing: Alternative Approaches."

1984

  • Exxon Corp. becomes first non-cosmetics company to fund CAAT.
  • Third CAAT Symposium: "In Vitro Toxicology: A Progress Report."

1985

  • CAAT In Vitro Toxicology Laboratory established.
  • Bausch & Lomb, Inc., awards CAAT funds to conduct and publish critical review of Draize eye test and potential alternatives.

1986

  • Fourth CAAT Symposium: "In Vitro Toxicology: Approaches to Validation."
  • CAAT/Bausch & Lomb, Inc., sponsor workshop on "A Critical Evaluation of Alternatives to Acute Ocular Irritation Testing."

1987

  • Fifth CAAT Symposium: "Progress in In Vitro Toxicology."

1988

  • Avon Products, Inc. funds first Program Project (alternatives to animal use in contact allergy testing).

1989

  • First meeting of CAAT Subcommittee on Validation and Technology Transfer.
  • Sixth CAAT Symposium: "In Vitro Toxicology: New Directions."
  • NIH/NIEHS becomes first federal agency to fund CAAT.
  • CAAT holds first technical workshop, on "Technical Problems with In Vitro Toxicity Testing Systems."
  • First meeting of CAAT Government Exchange Group.

1990

  • CAAT/European Research Group for Alternatives in Toxicity Testing (ERGATT) sponsor workshop on validation.
  • CAAT/Ciba-Geigy sponsor technical workshop on "Structure-Activity Relationships in Predictive Toxicology."
  • First CAAT/Tissue Culture Association (TCA) workshop: "Cell Culture and In Vitro Toxicity Tests."
  • Seventh CAAT Symposium: "In Vitro Toxicology: Mechanisms and New Technology."

1991

  • Second CAAT/TCA Workshop: "The International Status of Validation of In Vitro Toxicology Tests."
  • Goldberg presented with Russell and Burch Award by the Humane Society of the United States.

1992

  • The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) funds Program Project in in vitro neurotoxicology.
  • CAAT launches In Vitro Toxicology Program at Johns Hopkins School of Public Health.

1993

  • CAAT holds technical workshop on "Molecular and Cellular Approaches to Extrapolation for Risk Assessment."
  • CAAT organizes "First World Congress on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences" in Baltimore.

1994

  • Animals and Alternatives in Testing: History, Science, and Ethics, CAAT's first book on the alternatives field for the general public, is published.
  • CAAT publishes first issue of CAATalyst, a publication created to educate middle school students about alternatives.
  • Eighth CAAT Symposium: "In Vitro Approaches to Contact Dermatitis."

1996

  • Second World Congress on Alternatives meets in The Netherlands.
  • CAAT is asked by a consortium of industry, government, and animal protection organizations to create a website devoted to alternatives; Procter & Gamble becomes first sponsor of Altweb, the Alternatives to Animal Testing Website.
  • "The Three Rs: The Way Forward" by Joanne Zurlo, Deborah Rudacille, and Alan Goldberg published in Environmental Health Perspectives.

1997

  • CAAT, National Institutes of Health (NIH) sponsor workshop on "Alternatives in Monoclonal Antibody Production." (NIH issues "Dear Colleague" letter following workshop, asking IACUCs to consider in vitro methods first.)
  • Altweb is launched.
  • CAAT asks Animal Welfare Information Center (AWIC) to prepare database on analgesia and anesthesia for Altweb.

1998

  • CAAT introduces TestSmart Program.
  • CAAT, NIH, and Institute for Laboratory Animal Research (ILAR) sponsor workshop on "Pain Management and Humane Endpoints."

1999

  • First major TestSmart workshop convened. (EPA announces 80% decrease in estimated number of animals needed for HPV tests.)
  • Third World Congress on Alternatives meets in Bologna, Italy.
  • CAAT receives funding from NIH to develop global search engine for Altweb.

2000

  • CAAT launches search engine capable of searching multiple websites simultaneously.
  • CAAT creates new website about its own programs and agrees to develop, manage website for the triennial World Congress.
  • CAAT establishes &CAAT faculty& to promote the 3Rs at Johns Hopkins and elsewhere.
  • Special section on monoclonal antibodies created for Altweb.

2001

  • Major TestSmart workshop on pharmaceuticals convened in Baltimore.
  • Pain management database completed and made available on Altweb.
  • CAAT celebrates 20 years of humane science at 20th anniversary symposium.
  • CAAT launches new Refinement Program Project; Paul Flecknell presents first lecture.
  • CAAT establishes Genomics Laboratory at the Bloomberg School of Public Health.
  • CAAT Advisory Board members issue statement in support of the inclusion of rats, mice,and birds in the Animal Welfare Act.
  • Goldberg receives Doerenkamp-Zbinden Award (along with Ian Kimber) and the Society of Toxicology's Enhancement of Animal Welfare Award.

2002

  • Major TestSmart workshop on endocrine disruptors convened in Fairfax, Va.
  • Goldberg completes Dutch course on Laboratory Animal Science.
  • Goldberg invited to make a presentation on alternatives before the British House of Lords.
  • Alicia Karas presents second lecture in the Refinement Program Project series: "Perspectives On Postoperative Pain In The Laboratory Mouse."
  • Fourth World Congress on Alternatives meets in New Orleans.
  • Linda Toth presents the third lecture in the Refinement Program Project series: "Refining Animal Use in Research Models: Integrating Scientific Goals and Animal Care."

2004

2005

2006

2007

  • Meeting Report: Alternatives for Developmental Neurotoxicity Testing, from CAAT's 2006 TestSmart DNT workshop, is published in Environmental Health Perspectives.
  • CAAT launches Public Policy Program under the direction of Paul Locke. The program is aimed at educating policy makers and legislators about the need for alternatives to the use of animals in toxicity and safety testing and in biomedical research.
  • 6th World Congress on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences held in Tokyo, Japan.
  • The National Research Council releases the groundbreaking report Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: A Vision and a Strategy.

2008

  • CAAT holds its second workshop on developmental neurotoxicity, "DNT 2: Creating A Humane And Efficient Approach To Developmental Neurotoxicity Testing."
  • CAAT invited to become part of the American Consortium on European Studies (ACES), in order to establish a Humane Sciences and In Vitro Alternatives component to this EU Center of Excellence based at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS.)
  • The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the National Toxicity Program (NTP), and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) sign a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to develop and implement new high-throughput, in vitro methods for testing chemicals and drugs based on the recommendations of the NRC report, Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century: A Vision and a Strategy.

2009

  • CAAT founding director, Alan Goldberg, steps down and Thomas Hartung becomes the second director of CAAT.
  • Thomas Hartung is installed as the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Chair in Evidence-based Toxicology.
  • Founding of the Transatlantic Think Tank of Toxicology (t4) by CAAT and the Doerenkamp-Zbinden Foundation.
  • CAAT launches 3Rs and Alternatives Organizations website.
  • Thomas Hartung co-chairs 7th World Congress on Alternatives and Animal Use in the Life Sciences in Rome, Italy.
  • ALTEX: Alternatives to Animal Experimentation journal becomes official journal of CAAT. ALTEX also becomes part of Altweb.
  • CAAT launches social media initiatives, with a rapidly growing presence on Facebook and Twitter.
  • CAAT Information Day on the 7th Amendment of the EU Cosmetics Directive held in Baltimore.
  • First t4 report, Re-evaluation of Animal Numbers and Costs for In Vivo Tests to Accomplish REACH Legislation Requirements for Chemicals, released in August, 2009.

2010

2011

  • CAAT-Europe hosts Marine Biotoxin Workshop: Assessment of Toxins in Shellfish (Aquatic Food) in Ermatingen, Switzerland.
  • CAAT-Europe hosts Information Day: Toxicology of 21st Century, TSCA Reauthorization and REACH in Konstanz, Germany.
  • CAAT hosts Critical Evaluation of the Use of Dogs in Biomedical Research and Testing Workshop in Baltimore, Maryland.
  • CAAT-Europe hosts Biomarkers in in vitro systems: Selection of the most appropriate in vitro assays and their use in hazard and risk assessment in Berlin, Germany.
  • CAAT-Europe hosts Joint CAAT-Europe/ecopa Workshop: “Implementation of the New EU Directive 2010/63/EU on the Protection of Animals Used for Scientific Purposes: Opportunities for the 3R's in Berlin, Germany.
  • CAAT hosts Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Dean’s Lecture: “Regulatory Toxicology Version 2.0 A Sneak-preview of the Beta-Release” in Baltimore, Maryland.
  • Implementation Strategies for Tox-21C -Society of Toxicology Annual Meeting in Washington DC.
  • Evidence Based Collaboration (EBTC) Kickoff Meeting at SOT Annual Meeting in Washington DC.
  • CAAT hosts The Risk Sciences & Public Policy Institute Spring 2011 Seminar Series: “Computational Toxicology: New Approaches to Hazard Exposure & Risk Assessment” by: Richard Judson, US EPA National Center for Computational Toxicology.
  • CAAT-Europe and ESTIV host : “In Vitro Human Tissue Models as Alternatives to Animal Testing: Applicability and Limitations” in Monte Carlo, Monaco.
  • CAAT-Europe - Workshop: Critical Evaluation of the Use of Dogs in Biomedical Research and Testing in Europe in Budapest, Hungary.
  • CAAT hosts “Animal Pain: what is it and why it matters” Bernard E Rollin, Colorado State University in Baltimore, Maryland.
  • CAAT hosts lecture “Toward Evidence-Based Environmental Health Sciences” in Baltimore, Maryland.
  • CAAT consortium receives NIH Transformative Research Projects Award.
    Project Title: Tox-21c Approach in Endocrine Disruption.
  • CAAT-Europe hosts t4 Workshop: The Way Forward for Cosmetics Safety Testing in Konstanz, Germany.
  • CAAT-Europe Information Day: Status and Future of Cosmetics Safety Testing in Konstanz, Germany.
  • CAAT hosts Food Information Day in Baltimore, Maryland.

2012

  • Evidence-based Toxicology for the 21st Century: Opportunities and Challenges US EPA in Research Triangle Park, NC
  • CAAT-Europe & BASF Symposium: Metabolomics in Toxicology & Preclinical Research: State-of-the-art & Potential Applications in Novotel-Berlin-Mitte, Germany.
  • ASCCT Member Webinar: Evidence-based Toxicology by Martin Stephens.
  • CAAT & EBTC host Open Microphone - Updates on 21st Century Toxicology and Evidence-Based Toxicology at the 2012 SOT Annual Meeting in San Francisco, CA.
  • CAAT-Europe Workshop on “Quality Standards for Publications Dealing with In Vitro Systems” Satellite meeting at the 2012 SOT Annual Meeting in San Francisco, CA.
  • Joint Convention: Scientific Roadmap for the Future of Animal-free Systemic Toxicity Testing CEFIC, DZF, ECOPA, EUSAAT, CAAT-US, IIVS, IVTIP, ESTIV, CAAT-Europe, ToxCast, HIS, and Cosmetics in Brussels, Belgium.
  • CAAT event co-sponsored by NIEHS, and Middle Atlantic Reproduction & Teratology AssociationReproductive & Development Toxicology Testing – From In Vivo to In Vitro in Silver Spring, MD.
  • CAAT hosted Pharmaceutical Information Day: Scientific & Animal Welfare Innovations in Baltimore, MD.
  • CAAT hosts Information Day: Predictive Models for Assessing Countermeasures to Bioterrorism Agents in Baltimore, MD.
  • CAAT-Europe Pharma Workshop in Ranco, Italy.
  • EBTC-Europe Kickoff Meeting at EUROTOX in Stockholm, Sweden.